Adjectives - Connective Form

This lesson is about the connective form of adjectives. This form is used to list several adjectives in a sequence, and to connect one sentence to another.

The conjugation rule for the connective form is easy.

  • Take 다 off adjectives and then attach 고 to them.


Written Form
Present
Connective
High
높다
높고
Low
낮다
낮고
Big
크다
크고
Small (size)
작다
작고
Spacious
넓다
넓고
Cramped
좁다
좁고
Many
많다
많고
Small (quantity)
적다
적고
Kind
착하다
착하고
Fast
빠르다
빠르고
Slow
느리다
느리고
Outgoing
활달하다
활달하고
Quiet
조용하다
조용하고
Easy
쉽다
쉽고
Difficult
어렵다
어렵고
Interesting
재미있다
재미있고
Boring
지루하다
지루하고
Hot (tangible)
뜨겁다
뜨겁고
Cold (tangible)
차갑다
차갑고
Warm
따뜻하다
따뜻하고
Cool
시원하다
시원하고
Wonderful
굉장하다
굉장하고
Beautiful
아름답다
아름답고
Patient
인내심 있다
인내심 있고
Humorous
웃기다
웃기고
Calm
침착하다
침착하고
Humble
겸손하다
겸손하고
Lovely
사랑스럽다
사랑스럽고


The connective form of adjectives is used in two situations: 

  • To list adjectives in a sequence 
  • To connect one sentence to another


1. To list adjectives in a sequence

If I was to say 'kind, beautiful and humble' in Korean, the adjectives must be changed to their connective forms except the last adjective of a sentence which determines its tense.

E.g.

  • 착하다 → 착하고 = kind
  • 아름답다 → 아름답고 = beautiful
  • 겸손하다 = humble
  • 착하고 아름답고 겸손하다 → kind, beautiful and humble
  • 착하고 아름답고 겸손했다 → was kind, beautiful and humble

Alternatively,

  • 아름답고 겸손하고 착했다 → was beautiful, humble and kind
  • 겸손하고 착하고 아름다웠다 → was humble, kind and beautiful

    As you can see, the last adjective determines the tense of a sentence.


    2. To connect one sentence to another.

    The connective form of adjectives is also used to connect sentences.

    • 유리는 착해요 = Yuri is kind
    • 미나는 아름다워요 = Mina is beautiful
    • 진수는 겸손해요 = Jinsu is humble

      유리는 착하고, 미나는 아름답고, 진수는 겸손해요. 
      = Yuri is kind, Mina is beautiful and Jinsu is humble.

      • 앤디는 웃겨요 = Andy is humorous/funny
      • 프랭클린은 조용해요 = Franklin is quiet
      • 제시카는 활달해요 = Jessica is outgoing

      앤디는 웃기고, 프랭클린은 조용하고, 제시카는 활달해요
      = Andy is humorous/funny, Franklin is quiet, and Jessica is outgoing.

      • 음료수는 시원하다 = A soft drink is cool
      • 차는 뜨겁다 = Tea is hot
      • 포도는 달다 = Grapes are sweet

      음료수는 시원하고, 차는 뜨겁고, 포도는 달다.
      = A soft drink is cool, tea is hot, and grapes are sweet.

               

      6 comments:

      1. So can I say it like this?
        제시카는 아름답고 착고 공원에 간다 - Beautiful kind Jessica, goes to park

        what about this?
        아르다운 착은 제시카는 공원에 간다 or
        아르답고 착은 제시카는 공원에 간다 or neither valid? :D

        ReplyDelete
        Replies
        1. Hi Gregos,

          It would be like,
          아름답고 착한 제시카는 공원에 간다

          Delete
      2. Thank you so much :)

        ReplyDelete
      3. Hihi Luke,
        I have a question, hope u can help me, in the upper examples
        Yuri is kind, 유리는착헤요
        Mina is beautiful, 미나는 아름다워요
        How can I know when to add "해", since the original word is 착하다? Same thing with 아름다워요, when to add "워"????
        Actually I have a problem in endings of Korean nouns, verbs etc.. what shall I do?:(

        ReplyDelete
      4. Can I use 빨간색고 가시업시한 장민꽃을 있습니다? It would be like "I have a red and without thorns rose"

        ReplyDelete

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